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The Spratly Islands dispute is an ongoing territorial dispute between Brunei, China (People's Republic of China), Malaysia, the Philippines, Taiwan (Republic of China), and Vietnam, concerning ownership of the Spratly Islands, a group of islands and associated "maritime features" (reefs, banks, cays, etc.) located in the South China Sea. The dispute is characterised by diplomatic stalemate and the employment of low-level military pressure techniques (such as military occupation of disputed territory) in the advancement of national territorial claims. All except Brunei occupy some of the maritime features. Most of the "maritime features" in this area have at least six names: The "International name", usually in English; the "Chinese name", sometimes different for PRC and ROC, (and also in different character-sets); the Vietnamese, Philippine and Malaysian names, and also, there are alternate names, (e.g. Spratly Island is also known as Storm Island), and sometimes names with "colonial" origins (French, Portuguese, Spanish, British, etc.). The Spratly Islands are important for economic and strategic reasons. The Spratly area holds potentially significant, but largely unexplored, reserves of oil and natural gas; it is a productive area for world fishing; it is one of the busiest areas of commercial shipping traffic; and surrounding countries would get an extended continental shelf if their claims were recognised. In addition to economic incentives, the Spratlys sit astride major maritime trade routes to Northeast Asia, giving them added significance as positions from which to monitor maritime activity in the South China Sea and to potentially base and project military force from. In 2014, China drew increased international attention due to its dredging activities within the Spratlys, amidst speculation it is planning to further develop its military presence in the area.〔(China goes all out with major island building project in Spratlys – IHS Jane's 360 ). Janes.com (20 June 2014). Retrieved 12 May 2015.〕 In 2015 satellite imagery revealed that China was rapidly constructing an airfield on Fiery Cross Reef within the Spratlys whilst continuing its land reclamation activities at other sites.〔Page, Jeremy. (16 April 2015) (China Building Airstrip in Spratly Islands, Satellite Images Show ). ''The Wall Street Journal''. Retrieved 12 May 2015.〕〔(Island building in the South China Sea ). Stuff.co.nz. Retrieved 12 May 2015.〕〔http://www.abc.net.au/news/2015-09-22/south-china-sea-islands-before-and-after/6794076〕 Only China (PRC), Taiwan (ROC), and Vietnam have made claims based on historical sovereignty of the islands.〔 〕 The Philippines, however, claims part of the area as its territory under UNCLOS, an agreement parts of which〔 〕 have been ratified by the countries involved in the Spratly islands dispute. ==Reasons for the dispute== There are multiple reasons why the neighbouring nations in particular, and the rest of the world in general, would be interested in the Spratly Islands. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Spratly Islands dispute」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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